ParkSense: A Real-Time Intelligent Parking System Integrating Acoustic and Optical Sensors for Seamless Vacancy Detection

Rapid city growth and increased car ownership have made managing parking in cities a tough problem. This leads to traffic jams, burns more fuel, and stresses drivers. Current parking solutions aren't always accurate or quick, plus users aren't always happy with them. This research aims to fix these problems by creating and testing a smart parking system using IoT. Our system uses ultrasonic sensors and cameras to improve how well it spots available spaces. A strong microcontroller processes data fast. A simple app gives users real-time info on parking, booking options, and easy payment methods. Reseach tested the system and looked at things like detection accuracy, response time, user happiness, and how often the system was running. The results show our system is very accurate (98%) and updates parking info in less than a second. User satisfaction is high at 90%. This is better than older systems, which usually have detection rates between 90% and 95% and take 2 to 3 seconds to respond. Our system also stays up and running almost all the time (99.9%), which is important for users to trust it. These results suggest that the system can help with urban parking problems by giving good info quickly. This improves traffic, reduces time spent looking for parking, and lowers emissions. This study offers a working solution to a big city problem and helps smart city tech grow. It provides a system that can be changed and used in different city environments. The good results and happy users show that these types of systems are important for making city life better and helping cities grow in responsible ways by using advanced IoT.